武汉归元寺罗汉堂解说|湖北武汉归元寺解说词范文

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　　归元寺是中国国务院首批公布的开展宗教活动的重点寺庙，属国家AAAA级景点，下面小编为大家带来了湖北武汉归元寺解说词范文，希望对你有所帮助!

　　归元寺解说词

　　上有宝光，下有西园，北有碧云，中有归元。”归元禅寺位于武汉汉阳翠微峰下的翠微路西侧，与古琴台相邻。言“归元无二路，方便有多门。”归元寺寺名即来源于此。归元寺原址为明代的私人花园，到一六五八年，由园主布施给化缘和尚在此修造了三座小塔，塔中掩埋无主的尸骨。后来蜕薪邓财物修建寺庙，又经历代陆续重建，遂成为今日的格局。现归元寺建筑面积二万多平方米?

　　主体建筑分内外两院。外院主要由门楼、庭院、池塘组成;内院由北院藏经阁、中院大雄宝殿及南院罗汉堂三个主体建筑，以及天王殿、地藏王殿等组成。归元寺给人的一个突出印象是它的建筑风格与其他寺院不大一致。它不具有整齐对称的宏大格局，却略显杂乱。原来，初建寺院时，化缘的和尚无法在短期内凑聚足够的钱财做整体安排。有钱时就赶快买地抢修，否则等到钱筹集足够时，周围构想中的地方则已被别人抢先买了。和尚们不得已，只能够有一笔钱就修一处。山门朝东，建筑物却由南向北逐次侧进。与一般大丛林相比，归元寺“百尺茂林，千杆修竹，红分日刹，绿绕云房”，多彩多姿，秀丽宜人。

　　经过荷叶滴绿、莲花盛开的莲池，就是大雄宝殿，殿内释迦像两旁是海岛观音，以及二十四诸天等像，放置在一个倾斜的面上，工艺水平极高。尤为值得注意的是，释迦像前供桌的垂帘，它不是一般的纺织物，而是木刻而成的木质垂帘。垂帘古朴典雅造型独特，有较高的欣赏价值，是一件不可多得的艺术珍品。

　　向北而行可到藏经阁，其建筑壮丽，装饰典雅，是归元寺收藏文物的宝库。阁内藏有清一套和贝叶真经、牙雕或铜铸佛像，俱为珍品，此外尚有国外赠送的佛事文物若干。正厅陈列了一座缅甸玉雕释迦佛像，十分精美。

　　藏经阁向西，绕过大士阁，南行至南院的罗汉堂，进入内室，可以看见呈”田”字形排列的五百罗汉。它们起伏坐卧，喜怒哀乐，各具姿色，各富特色，或盘腿端坐、或抱石问天、或研读佛经、或驱除邪魔，动作各不相同，有的勇武、有的温和、有的天真憨坦、有的饱经沧桑，表情个个有异，有的在怡然自得地掏耳朵，有的在百无聊赖地打着呵欠，使人忍俊不禁。罗汉制作的工艺水平很高，为十九世纪末清光绪年间黄陂县王氏父子费时九年制成。工艺上采用了漆布脱胎漆型的特殊方法:先用泥胎塑制模型，再用厚布、生漆逐层粘贴套塑，并使每座罗汉的头部、两肩、肋骨、腿骨等各自形成一个倾向，从而用艺术的线条形象勾勒出一个大的面，使动作、表情各异。这种工艺方法既利于固形，经久不变，又能够防腐，经久不坏，此法为中国独有。一xx四年武汉发大水，五百罗汉满堂飘浮，水退之后却完好无损，因此武汉民间又有了“五百罗汉洗过澡”的说法。

　　归元寺也是近代佛学复兴的发源地之一。一九二二年间春，太虚法师在归元寺讲经弘法，时听者甚众，激发太虚弘法志愿，与两湖听讲的名流商议，为更好地弘法利生，必须设立佛学院，广泛培养佛学人才，此是武昌佛学院得以兴办的缘起之一。

　　归元寺导游词介绍

　　归元寺以建筑完美、雕塑绝妙、珍藏丰富而声震佛门，港澳同胞、海外侨胞以及许多外国游客包括各国政要如柬埔寨西哈努克国王、美国国务卿基辛格、新加坡前总理李光耀、日本首相中曾根康弘等都曾先后来此观赏，并分别向该寺赠送礼品。

　　归元寺位于武汉市内，是清顺治十五年(1658)浙江僧人白光、主峰来此创建的。1983年被国务院确定为汉地全国重点佛教寺院。现为湖北省佛教协会和武汉市佛教协会的所在地。这里古树参天，花木繁茂，泉清水绿，曲径通幽，是“汉西一境”，取“归元性不二,方便有多门”的佛偈而命名。

　　归元寺由北院、中院和南院三个各具特色的庭院组成，拥有藏经阁、大雄宝殿、罗汉堂三组主要建筑，占地面积17500多平方米。北院的主要建筑是藏经楼，是一座两侧五开间的楼阁式建筑，高约25米，顶为大脊，鱼角搬爪，飞栱飞檐，古朴玲珑;当面为四柱通天，双凤朝阳，五龙戏珠。整个建筑精巧壮观，金碧辉煌。这里藏有许多佛教文物，除藏经外，还有佛像、法物、石雕、书画碑帖及外文典籍，是国内收藏佛像较多的一个佛寺。1935年太虚法师出访缅甸时，仰光的佛教徒赠他一尊1吨多重的玉石雕成的释迦牟尼佛像，就供奉在这里。这种佛像在我国只有三尊，其他二尊分别列供于北京和上海。藏经阁里收藏的佛经有：清代《龙藏》一部，宋代影印本《碛砂藏》一部，清末民初上海印《频伽藏》一部。另外还有两件珍品：一是清光绪元年(1875)，湖南衡山69岁老人李舜千书写的“佛”字。“佛”字是在长宽不超过6寸的纸上，由《金刚经》和《心经》原文共5424个字组成。每个字只有芝麻大，肉眼分辨不清。用30倍放大镜看，笔力挺秀，是书法珍品。另一件是武昌僧人妙荣和尚刺血调和金粉抄成的《华严经》和《法华经》，字体娟秀，堪称精品。

　　南院的主体建筑是罗汉堂，始建于清道光年间，咸丰二年(1852)毁于兵灾，光绪二十一年(1895)重建，1920xx年完成，至今有二百年历史。民间有句谚语：上有宝光(成都)，下有西园(苏州)，北有碧云(北京)，中有归元(武汉)。是说这四个寺院的五百罗汉堂是最具代表性的，是佛教塑像的精华。中国汉地佛教供奉五百罗汉是从五代时开始的。当时，吴越王钱氏在天台山方广寺造五百铜罗汉。五百罗汉的名号，最早见于五代的《复斋碑录》，惜今已不存。另有南宋绍兴四年(1134)，高道素所录《江阴军乾明院罗汉尊号碑》，将五百罗汉一一起名造姓。归元寺的罗汉堂布局成“田”字型。四个小天井给庞大深邃的殿堂提供了良好的通风和采光条件。罗汉依“田”字排列，殿堂里尽管安放了五百多尊塑像，却没有拥挤之感。这种建筑格局既巧妙又合理。这里的五百罗汉是湖北黄陂县王代父子用九年时间塑成的。黄陂至今是湖北的雕塑之乡，有悠久的泥塑传统，技艺娴熟，艺人辈出。据《归元丛林罗汉碑记》，归元寺的五百罗汉，是以南岳衡山祝圣寺的五百罗汉石刻拓本为依据，进行加工提炼，创造而成的。工艺上采用“脱胎漆塑”，又称“金身托沙塑像”。先用泥胎塑成模型，然后用葛布生漆逐渐沾巾套塑，称为漆布空塑，最后饰以金粉。它的特点是抗潮湿，防虫蛀，经久不变。两百年间罗汉堂几次受水灾侵袭，但水退后罗汉仍完好无损。

　　走进罗汉堂，无不被它们的生动形象所感染。只见有的盘腿端坐，有的卧石看天，有的研读佛经，有的驱邪除恶，有的勇武，有的温良，有的天真憨厚，有的饱经沧桑，个个惟妙惟肖，活灵活现。如第463尊罗汉是陀怒尊者，周围有6个童子，为罗汉挖耳，掩嘴，遮眼等，称“六戏弥勒”。“六”即眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意。它告诫佛门弟子，不要为凡情所染。塑像中把孩子的天真烂漫，娇稚顽皮和罗汉的慈祥憨厚的神态刻画得淋漓尽致。“数罗汉”是人们游罗汉堂的趣事。据说我们任意从一尊罗汉开始，顺下数完自己的现有的年龄，这最后一尊罗汉的身份、表情和动作，便可昭示数者的命运。这一活动为人们参观罗汉堂增添了不少乐趣。

　　罗汉堂外侧地藏殿内，供奉着地藏菩萨。殿内的木刻神龛为佳品，其间斗栱飞檐，鱼度搬爪，双凤朝阳，飞龙滚柱，浮雕垂柱，花草人物，均极为精巧玲珑，为国内少有的艺术珍品。

　　中院的主体建筑是大雄宝殿。该殿初建于清顺治十八年(1661)，后经多次维修。现大雄宝殿是清光绪三十四年(1908)重修。大殿正中供奉着释迦牟尼坐像，两侧为其弟子阿难和迦叶像。释迦偏袒左肩，结跏趺坐，庄严静穆。佛像后背是用樟木雕刻而成的“五龙捧圣”的图案。佛像前还有韦驮、弥勒、地藏像。佛像后是一组海岛观音像。只见海岛观音赤足站立，左右侍立着一龙女和童子，背后是一面高达八尺的泥塑悬崖峭壁，足下碧波万顷，怒涛汹涌。整个塑像向前倾覆。人们仰视上去，只见观音衣袖似在飘动，正在汹涌的波涛上迎面向你走来，增加了宗教艺术的感染力。佛像前的供桌，是一件不可多得的木刻珍品。供桌高4丈8尺，横阔1丈2尺，深宽2.5尺，前嵌垂栏，宽1.5尺，高0.6尺，其间分为五格，深画镂空。图案描绘的是唐玄奘取经回长安时，君民夹道欢迎的场面：有唐僧、孙悟空、猪八戒、沙和尚等《西游记》人物，有李世民以下文武百官、侍卫、庶民百姓;有亭院殿墙，车马山水，幢幡宝盖，香炉蜡台等一应俱全。综观全图，繁复活泼，盛况空前。垂栏下沿为五龙云彩，周围匝绕，以四虎腿支地，生动有力。相传这一樟木雕刻由十人历时一年才完成。

　　大雄宝殿前的韦驮殿内，供奉着一尊木雕韦驮像，身着铠甲，手持宝杵，威武挺立，用我国古代武将形象表达了古印度神话中“四大天王三十二将”之首的护法神形象。这座木雕系用整块樟木雕成，线条刀法都是唐朝风格，是归元寺的艺术珍品，也是我国雕刻艺术品中的一件宝贵遗产。

　　归元寺属曹洞宗，又称归元禅寺，它与宝通寺、溪莲寺、正觉寺今称为武汉的四大丛林。

　　湖北归元寺英文导游词

　　guiyuan temple

　　chinese buddhist temples are never single buildings. they always consist of a group buildings following a fundamental patter, which can, however, be modified. the main buildings and their symmetrically corresponding secondary buildings form individual groups and courtyards. the entire temple complex is spacious. the building inside the complex are usually single-storied and the main halls are sometimes decorated with a double roof. the towers, pavilions and halls can be multi-storied structures.

　　the chinese temple complex has been subject to great structural changes throughout the centuries. but temple architects follow the basic principles of secular structures from the tang dynasty onwards. the complexes stand on a central axis, usually a north-south axis: east-west only as an exception. (guiyuan temple is just the very exception.) the main buildings are strung along this central axis, their broadest sides facing south or east.

　　the most important and most frequently presented building inside a buddhist temple complex are the main entrance gate, the bell and drum towers, the hall of the heavenly kings, the hall of the buddha and a pagoda.

　　buddhism is said to be founded in india in the 6th century bc by siddatha gautama (bc565 –bc486), the son of a nobleman and member of the kshatriya caste near the present borders of india and nepal. buddhism advocates that all the people are created equal and turns against the caste system of brahmanism, so it was popular with the common people.

　　it was said that buddhism was spread to china in 2 bc. at the beginning, it was only regarded as a kind of witch. about 200 ad, chinese version of buddhist s criptures began to appear, and thus, buddhist doctrines began to emerge with traditional chinese religious thought. from 2nd century to late 6th century, translation and research of buddhist sects with chinese characteristics were becoming more and more popular and many temples were built, which reached its peak in sui dynasty (581ad-617ad) and tang dynasty (618-907). some buddhist sects with chinese characteristics came into being. buddhism exerts a great influence on chinese philosophy, literature, art and folk customs.

　　what is presented before our eyes is a copper statue of a famous bodhisattva in hynayana buddhism. bodhisattva is a tittle which is only next to buddha. this statue is the image of avalokitesvara, which has been popular with chinese people or more than 1,000 years. she is called the goddess of mercy cordially by chinese and is regarded as the symbol of kindness, mercy and benevolence. when we visit the avalokitesvara pavilion after a while, i will give a detailed introduction about her. this copper statue was sent to guiyuan temple by taiwan buddhists in september 1990. it shows that all chinese, whether in the mainland or in taiwan, are eager for the reunion of the country, even including religion believers.

　　the building we see now is the buddha hall where one certain buddha and his two assistant bodhisattvases are worshiped. this buddha is amitabha buddha. amitabha means incomparable brightness. according to buddhism, time and space is limitless and thus there are many many buddhas in different spaces and times. but in a certain space or in a certain period of time, there is only one certain buddha who is in charge of instructing all living creatures. amitabha buddha is the buddha who presides over the land of ultimate bliss in the west, which will come in the future. buddhist s criptures describe the land of ultimate bliss as a wonderland, in which no pain exists and the people enjoy their lives. in one word, it’s very attractive. some people will think it must be very difficult to enter such a world. how can i go to such a paradise? maybe i have to work hard and bear a lot of sufferings. in fact, it’s very easy to enter the world. he only need often murmur ‘may buddha preserve us’ sincerely. it’s enough.

　　you see, the statue in the middle is the very buddha. on his left is the goddess of mercy. on his right is the other bodhisattva who follows the buddha. it is said that he can save all the living creatures from three kinds of terrible disasters.

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